[Value of probiotic in reducing frequency of infectious complications in premature infants].

Fifty five premature infants with very low body weight were observed as inpatients to assess effectiveness of the nursing. The standard program of the care included: adequate primary resuscitation, respiratory support (use of surfactant), thermal mode, early provision of nutrients with full or partial parenteral nutrition, antimicrobial therapy and if possible early enteral nutrition. The patients of the main group (n = 29) along with the standard therapy (the volume of the enteral nutrition of 5 ml or more) were treated orally with liquid probiotic based on E. faecium L3 in a dose of 0.5 ml (5 x 10(8) CFU) 3 times a day for 14 days. The control group (n = 26) was under the standard therapy. The effectiveness of the infants management was estimated by the frequency of disruption of the nutrition, the frequency of infectious complications, the changes in the hematologic indices, the dynamics of the composition of the intestinal microflora. The infectious complications were evident from perinatal viral infection, intraamniotic infection, necrotizing enterocolitis. In the main group patients there was recorded a significant decrease of the frequency of infectious complications: 20.7% against 53.9% in the control group patients. The use of probiotic strain E. faecium L3 in the preterm infants promoted conservation of the immunomodulatory function of the intestinal indigenic microflora and restricted the growth of the nosocomial flora.

[New approaches to assessment of military personnel health status].

For the first time were suggested some indices such as the index of ratio of one unit's (higher/highest formation) hospitalization, lost worktime, discharge and mortality to the primary morbidity for one military unit and the same index of ratio to the same criteria for the group of military unit. The mentioned peculiarities are intended for impartial and comprehensive estimation of Armed Forces of the Russian Federation military personnel health status and medical units (establishments) activity. These indices include as criteria of diseases prevalence, morbidity, hospitalization, discharge and mortality characteristics. Employment of the new tools provides the possibility of the military health care system analysis by means of such health status components as military labor character peculiarities of medical support, as well as medical service forces and resources availability in the Army, Navy and Air Force.

[Role of various risk factors in the development and diagnosis of recurrent pain in adolescents--students of cadet corps].

Randomized single-blind case--control study is performed. In total, the cadet corp students with recurrent functional abdominal pain and headaches are examined. The paper shows the role of various risk factors in the occurrence of these states. Diagnostic validity is evaluated. Multifactorial genesis of the studied pathology is proved. The essential role in the formation of the psychological characteristics of personality, neurotic states and autonomic dysfunction is shown. Several constitutional characteristics of the organism were not diagnostically significant.

[Prognosis of early outcomes of severe craniocerebral injuries depending on duration of neurological syndromes and complications]. / Prognozirovanie rannikh iskhodov tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy v zavisimosti ot dlitel'nosti nevrologicheskikh sindromov i nalichiia oslozhnenii.

A mathematical model is presented of prognosis of early (within the periods of stationary treatment) outcomes of a severe cranio-cerebral injury according to the main indicator--"favorable outcome--discharged from the hospital", "unfavorable outcome--died" depending on 10 indicators characterizing the patient's age, injury, duration of neurological syndromes and intraoperative, intracranial postoperative and somatic complications. The model was developed with the help of Excel and the application software Statistica and SPSS for Windows. For the development of the model of the correlative and discriminant analyses were used. The calculation of the prognosis can be made with the help of a computer or a microcalculator.

[The surgical procedure in ulcerous duodenal hemorrhages]. / Khirurgicheskaia taktika pri iazvennykh duodenal'nykh krovotecheniiakh.

Available are the results of treatment of 493 patients with duodenal ulcer complicated by bleeding in the center of gastro-intestinal bleedings at N. I. Pirogov City Hospital No. 1 in 1995-1996 years. 74 patients were operated. Overall lethality made up 1.8%, postoperative lethality rate--8.1%. In ulcer of posterior wall of the duodenum, 10 mm and more in diameter with blood loss of medium and high degree, the number of relapses made up 57.1%. In cases of urgent operations (n = 30); carried out on the first day of admittance to the hospital, 1 patient died. Expectant policy in treatment of patients with ulcer of posterior wall of the duodenum results in poor effect of the treatment and complications (4.1%). The advantages of active individual approach in treatment of patients with acute duodenal bleeding are outlined.

[The invasion of a tumor into the bronchial wall in central cancer of the lung]. / Rasprostranennost' opukholi v stenke bronkha pri tsentral'nom rake legkogo.

The paper analyzes histological findings of a number of bronchial sections made proximal the visible margins of a tumor in 54 patients operated on for central cancer of the lung. In coincidence of micro- and macroscopic limits of the extension of tumor cells was revealed in 29 (53.7%) patients. Statistical analysis revealed that the extension of tumor invasion obeys the exponential law of distribution. Probability of detecting tumor cells at various distances from the visible margin of the tumor was found. The findings suggest that one may predict that tumor cells can remain in the bronchial stump depending on the level of its elimination.

[Therapy and prophylaxis of eventration]. / Lechenie i profilaktika éventratsii.

The author observed 86 patients with eventration which was caused by progressive peritonitis in 49 and by suppuration of the laparotomy wound in 27. Only in 10 patients the eventration was not a consequence of a pyoinflammatory process. The surgeon's is suggested according to the type of the eventration.

[Surgical prevention and treatment of gastroesophageal hemorrhage in portal hypertension]. / Khirurgicheskaia profilaktika i lechenie gastroézofageal'nykh krovotechenii pri portal'noi gipertenzii.

The article discusses the techniques of a two-stage combined separating intervention and instrumental division of the esophagus for the prevention and treatment of gastroesophageal hemorrhage in portal hypertension. The sequence of the stages of the operation is determined according to the emergency situation, the condition of hepatic function, and the presence of signs of hypersplenism. Separating interventions were carried out in 12 patients, one patient died in the immediate postoperative period. Complications were encountered in 4 patients. The patients who survived were examined in follow-up periods of 3 to 14 months, neither recurrent hemorrhages nor hepatic encephalopathy occurred. Varicosity of the esophageal and gastric veins disappeared and reduced in 10 patients.

[Programmed therapy of the abdominal cavity in diffuse purulent peritonitis]. / Programmirovannaia sanatsiia briushnoi polosti pri razlitom gnoinom peritonite.

In 67 patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis, the programmed sanation of the abdominal cavity was used from 2 to 9 times. Lethality was 19.2%.